How To Check Patch In Solaris

Solaris x64/x86 Operating System - Version 10 3/05 to 10 1/13 U11 Release 10.0 All Platforms Goal. This document provides a cross reference between the contents of the /etc/release file, the release of the Solaris Operating System (OS), the kernel patch version included in the release and the version of the corresponding SUNWsolnm package.

Patch management involves listing or installing Solarispatches from a system running the Solaris release. Patch management mightalso involve removing (called backing out) unwanted orfaulty patches.

This is a list of the step-by-step instructions in this chapter.

This is a list of the overview information in this chapter.

For information on adding patches to diskless client systems, see Patching Diskless Client OS Services.

A patch is a collection of files and directories that replace or updateexisting files and directories that are preventing proper execution of thesoftware. The existing software is derived from a specified package format, which conforms to the Application Binary Interface. Fordetails about packages, see Chapter 22, Managing Software (Overview).

There are several options for managing patches:

• Patches Tool – Use this Solaris Management Console toolto manage patches.

• patchadd – Use to install Solarispatches from the command line.

• patchrm – Use to remove patches thatare installed on a Solaris system. This command restores the file systemto its state before a patch was applied.

Detailed information about how to install and back out a patch is providedin patchadd(1M)and patchrm(1M).Each patch also contains a README file that containsspecific information about the patch.

Before installing patches, you might want to know more about patchesthat have previously been installed. The following table describes commandsthat provide useful information about patches that are already installed ona system.

Table 24–1 Commands for Solaris Patch Management

Command	Description
patchadd-p, showrev-p	Shows all patches that have applied to a system.
pkgparampkgidPATCHLIST	Shows all patches that have been applied to the packageidentified by pkgid, the name of the package. For example, SUNWadmap.
patchadd -SSolaris-OS-p	Shows all the /usr patches installedon an OS server.

All Sun customers can access security patches and other recommendedpatches through the SunSolve^TM program. The followingtable describes the various ways to access Solaris patches.

Table 24–2 Customer Patch Access Information

Customer Type	Description
SunSpectrum contractcustomer	You have accessto the SunSolve database of patches and patch information. These are availablefrom the SunSolve web page or by using anonymous ftp, asdescribed in Accessing Solaris Patches. These patches are updated nightly. Youalso receive a patch CD-ROM every 6 to 8 weeks.
Not a SunSpectrum contract customer	You have access to ageneral set of security patches and other recommended patches. These are availablethrough SunSolve.

Accessing Solaris Patches

You can access Solaris patches from a web page or by using anonymous ftp. If you have purchased a Sun service contract, you will alsobe able to get patches directly from the SunSolve web page or from the patchCD-ROM that is regularly distributed.

To access patches from a web page, you need a system that is:

• Connected to the Internet

• Capable of running web browsing software such as Netscape

To access patches by anonymous ftp, you need a machinethat is:

• Connected to the Internet

• Capable of running the ftp program

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Access patches from SunSolve^TM by using the followingURL:

You can either install a patch cluster of recommended patches or individualpatches that are freely available. Patch reports are available also.

You can also access publicly available patches by using this URL:

Patches are identified by unique alphanumeric strings, with the patchbase code first, a hyphen, and a number that represents the patch revisionnumber. For example, patch 108528-10 is a SunOS 5.8 kernel update patch.

How to Display Information About Installed Solaris Patches

Use the patchadd-p command to displayinformation about patches installed on your system.

Use the following command to verify whether a specific patch is installedon your system.

Use the patchadd command to add patches to serversor standalone systems. If you need to add a patch to a diskless client system,see Patching Diskless Client OS Services.

When you add a patch, the patchadd command calls the pkgadd command to install the patch packages from the patch directoryto a local system's disk. More specifically, the patchaddcommand:

• Determines the Solaris version number of the managing hostand the target host

• Updates the patch package's pkginfo filewith information about patches obsoleted by the patch being installed, otherpatches required by this patch, and patches incompatible with this patch

During the patch installation, patchadd keeps a logof the patch installation in /var/sadm/patch/patch-number/log file for current Solarisversions.

The patchadd command will not install a patch underthe following conditions:

• The package is not fully installed on the host

• The patch packages architecture differs from the system'sarchitecture

• The patch packages version does not match the installed package'sversion

• There is already an installed patch with the same base codeand a higher version number

• The patch is incompatible with another, already installedpatch. (Each installed patch keeps this information in its pkginfo file)

• The patch being installed requires another patch that is notinstalled

How to Add a Solaris Patch

This procedure assumes that you have already pulled the patch from oneof the sites listed in Accessing Solaris Patches.

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1. Become superuser.

2. Review the information in the patch README file, typically called patch-id.README.

3. Add the patch.

4. Verify that the patch is added.

Example—Adding a Solaris Patch

The following example adds the Solaris 8 patch, 111879–01.

How to Download and Add a Solaris Patch From SunSolve

1. (Optional) Log in to the system where the patch will be applied.

   Or, you can download the patch and use the ftp commandto copy the patch to the target system.

2. Go to the SunSolve patch site using a Web browser:

3. Determine if you are going to download a recommended a specific patchor patch cluster. Then select one of the following:

   1. Enter the patch number (patch-ID) in the'Find Patch' search field and click on Find Patch.

      Entering patch-ID downloads the latest patchrevision.

      If this is a freely available patch, the patch READMEis displayed. If this is not a freely available patch, an ACCESSDENIED message is displayed.

      There are different patch numbers for SPARC and IA systems, which arelisted in the displayed patch README. Make sure you installthe patch that matches your system architecture.

   2. Click on a recommended patch cluster based on the Solaris release runningon the system to be patched.

4. Click on the Download HTTP or FTP button.

   After the patch (or patches) are download successfully, you can closethe Web browser.

5. Change to the directory that contains the downloaded patch package,if necessary.

6. Unzip the patch package.

7. Become superuser.

8. Add the patch or patches.

When you back out a patch, the patchrm command restoresall files modified by that patch, unless:

• The patch was installed with patchadd -d(which instructs patchadd not to save copies of files beingupdated or replaced)

• The patch has been obsoleted by a later patch

• The patch is required by another patch

The patchrm command calls pkgaddto restore packages that were saved from the initial patch installation.

During the patch removal process, patchrm keeps alog of the back out process in /tmp/backoutlog.process_id. This log file is removed if the patch backs outsuccessfully.

How to Remove a Solaris Patch

Use this procedure if you need to remove a Solaris patch.

1. Become superuser.

2. Remove the patch.

3. Verify that the patch is removed.

Example—Removing a Solaris Patch

The following example removes the Solaris 8 patch, 111879–01.

I am a new Linux system user. How do I check os version in linux command line?
Linux is a free and open source operating system. There are many variants of Linux out there. They are typically called Linux distribution. Suse, OpenSUSE, Debian, Ubuntu, CentOS, Arch, Fedora, RHEL all are common Linux distribution names. Knowing your os version and name can be very useful for security patches.

Check os version in Linux

The procedure to find os name and version on Linux:

1. Open the terminal application (bash shell)
2. For remote server login using the ssh: ssh user@server-name
3. Type any one of the following command to find os name and version in Linux:
   cat /etc/os-release
   lsb_release -a
   hostnamectl
4. Type the following command to find Linux kernel version:
   uname -r

Let us see all examples in detailed.

/etc/os-release file

Type the following cat command:
$ cat /etc/os-release
Sample outputs:

lsb_release command

The lsb_release command gives LSB (Linux Standard Base) and distribution-specific information on the CLI. The syntax is:
$ lsb_release -a
Sample outputs:

hostnamectl command

Use hostnamectl command to query and change the system hostname and related settings. Just type the following command to check OS name and Linux kernel version:
$ hostnamectl
Sample outputs:

uname command

Just print Linux kernel version, run:
$ uname -r
Sample outputs:
Another option is to type the following command:
$ cat /proc/version
Sample outputs:

/etc/issue file

Use more command/less command as follows:
$ cat /etc/issue
$ more /etc/issue
$ less /etc/issue

Getting help

You can also view the manual page on uname using the following command:
$ man hostnamectl
$ man uname
$ man cat

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